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Total 23741 results found since Jan 2013.
Lessons Learned from HIV Vaccine Clinical Efficacy Trials.
Abstract
The past few years have witnessed many promising advances in HIV prevention strategies involving pre-exposure prophylaxis approaches. Some may now wonder whether an HIV vaccine is still needed, and whether developing one is even possible. The partial efficacy reported in the RV144 trial and the encouraging results of the accompanying immune correlates analysis suggest that an effective HIV vaccine is achievable. These successes have provided a large impetus and guidance for conducting more HIV vaccine trials. A key lesson learned from RV144 is that assessment of HIV acquisition is now a feasible and valua...
Source: Current HIV Research - September 10, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Day TA, Kublin JG Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
Recent Advances on the Use of Structural Biology for the Design of Novel Envelope Immunogens of HIV-1.
Abstract
Many efforts have been made in the worldwide quest for a prophylactic HIV vaccine to end the AIDS pandemic, but none has yet succeeded. The lessons learned have repeatedly informed us that the traditional or conventional approaches directly using the pathogens or subunits will not be sufficient for an effective HIV/AIDS vaccine. Recent advances in structure-based technology have shown some promise in the quest for a better immunogen in HIV vaccine development. According to the basic binding structural relationship of an antigen and an antibody, structure-based antigen design could bring some hope for the ...
Source: Current HIV Research - September 10, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Shi-Hua X Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
The Early Bird Catches the Worm - Can Evolution Teach us Lessons in Fighting HIV?
CONCLUSION: Future drug development, improvement of existing drugs acting in the earliest stages of the HIV-1 replication cycle as well as specifically targeting interactions of viral components with host cell factors required for HIV-1 infection will likely advance current therapy strategies.
PMID: 26957195 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Current HIV Research - March 11, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Schaller T, Herold N Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
Lessons learned from HIV antiretroviral treatment interruption trials
Purpose of review
Clinical trials with an antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption remains indispensable for assessing strategies for ART-free HIV remission. This review highlights the lessons learned from ART interruption studies so far, including the risks to the participants and implications for HIV remission.
Recent findings
Historically, analytic HIV treatment interruption (ATI) studies were commonly designed with a prolonged duration of ART interruption and with viral load set point as the primary outcome. For a variety of reasons, including participant risk, recent treatment interruption trials have frequently...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - August 3, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING LONG-TERM HIV REMISSION: Edited by Jean-Daniel Lelièvre and Timothy J. Henrich Source Type: research
Fast-Track Cities: striving to end urban HIV epidemics by 2030
Purpose of review
To provide a summary of progress achieved, lessons learned, and best practices employed in select Fast-Track Cities striving to attain and surpass the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 90–90–90 targets.
Recent findings
The 90–90–90 targets have served as a catalyst to galvanize political, programmatic, and funding support for urban HIV responses, while prompting increased community engagement. More than 300 cities and municipalities have joined the Fast-Track Cities network, pledging to attain and surpass the UNAIDS 90–90–90 targets. One city has officially surpassed the...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - October 7, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: ENDING HIV: PROGRESS TO 90–90–90: Edited by Carlos del Rio Source Type: research
What lessons it might teach us? Community engagement in HIV research
Purpose of review
Partnerships between academia and the community led to historic advances in HIV and paved the way for ongoing community engagement in research. Three decades later, we review the state of community engagement in HIV research, discuss best practices as supported by literature, explore innovations, and identify ongoing gaps in knowledge.
Recent findings
The community of people living with and at risk for HIV remains actively involved in the performance of HIV research. However, the extent of participation is highly variable despite long standing and established principles and guidelines of good partici...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - February 3, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV AND AGING: Edited by Kristine M. Erlandson Source Type: research
Shared immunotherapeutic approaches in HIV and hepatitis B virus: combine and conquer
Purpose of review
The aim of this study was to identify similarities, differences and lessons to be shared from recent progress in HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) immunotherapeutic approaches.
Recent findings
Immune dysregulation is a hallmark of both HIV and HBV infection, which have shared routes of transmission, with approximately 10% of HIV-positive patients worldwide being coinfected with HBV. Immune modulation therapies to orchestrate effective innate and adaptive immune responses are currently being sought as potential strategies towards a functional cure in both HIV and HBV infection. These are based on activa...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - April 6, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV AND HEPATITIS B CURE: Edited by Sharon R. Lewin and Peter A. Revill Source Type: research
Cognitive Consequences of a Sustained Monocyte Type 1 IFN Response in HIV-1Infection.
Abstract
With successful antiretroviral therapy, HIV-1-infected subjects can achieve undetectable peripheral viral loads and immune homeostasis. However, in a subset of individuals on therapy, peripheral monocytes have a gene expression profile characteristic of a type 1 interferon α (IFN) response. This type 1 IFN response correlates with a number of pathogenic conditions including neural cell injury and in combination with HCV infection, cognitive impairment. Lessons from the non-human primate models of pathogenic and nonpathogenic SIV suggest that returning the initial IFN spike in acute SIV infection to norma...
Source: Current HIV Research - May 26, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Pulliam L Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
Lessons learned from humoral responses of HIV patients
Purpose of review: Since 2009 many broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV have been identified, yet there is still no vaccine capable of inducing such antibodies in humans. This review considers the early observations of HIV sera neutralization in light of more recent studies and highlights areas for future research.
Recent findings: Large clinical cohort studies using standardized neutralization assays and pseudoviruses derived from primary isolates have shown that 10–30% of HIV infections result in some level of serum neutralization breadth. However, less than 10% of individuals develop a greater breadth of neutr...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - April 20, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV AND NOVEL STRATEGIES FOR INDUCTION OF BROAD NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES FOLLOWING VACCINATION: Edited by Ralf Wagner Source Type: research
Lessons learned from human HIV vaccine trials
Purpose of review: The ability to induce broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) responses is likely essential for development of a globally effective HIV vaccine. Unfortunately, human vaccine trials conducted to date have failed to elicit broad plasma neutralization of primary virus isolates. Despite this limitation, in-depth analysis of the vaccine-induced memory B-cell repertoire can provide valuable insights into the presence and function of subdominant B-cell responses, and identify initiation of antibody lineages that may be on a path towards development of neutralization breadth.
Recent findings: Characterization of t...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - April 20, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV AND NOVEL STRATEGIES FOR INDUCTION OF BROAD NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES FOLLOWING VACCINATION: Edited by Ralf Wagner Source Type: research
Novel advances on tissue immune dynamics in HIV/simian immunodeficiency virus: lessons from imaging studies
Purpose of review
To describe recent findings on the effect of HIV/SIV infection on lymph node viral and T-cell dynamics using imaging-based methodologies.
Recent findings
Chronic infection, particularly HIV/SIV, alters dramatically the microenvironment, immune cell frequency, distribution, function and tissue organization of secondary lymphoid tissues. These changes are not always reversible. Over the past few years, the implementation of advanced imaging protocols on human lymph node biopsies as well as on longitudinal lymphoid tissues samples from nonhuman primates (NHP) have provided a wealth of information on how...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - February 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HOTTEST TOPICS IN HIV INFECTION: Edited by Giuseppe Pantaleo and David A. Cooper Source Type: research
COVID-19 antibody development fueled by HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibody research
Purpose of review
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caught the world unprepared, with no prevention or treatment strategies in place. In addition to the efforts to develop an effective vaccine, alternative approaches are essential to control this pandemic, which will most likely require multiple readily available solutions. Among them, monoclonal anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies have been isolated by multiple laboratories in record time facilitated by techniques that were first pioneered for HIV-1 antibody discovery. Here, we summarize how lessons learned f...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - December 15, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: COVID/HIV: Edited by R. Brad Jones Source Type: research
Lessons From the HIV Epidemic for the COVID-19 Pandemic Lessons From the HIV Epidemic for the COVID-19 Pandemic
Researchers who have been studying the HIV epidemic for decades have a message for clinicians and policy makers facing COVID-19: the pandemic will end faster if disparities are addressed.Medscape Medical News
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - April 8, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS News Source Type: news
Long-Acting HIV ART: Lessons From a Year of Cabenuva Long-Acting HIV ART: Lessons From a Year of Cabenuva
Cabenuva, the first long-acting injectable drug for HIV treatment, was approved in January and is slowly rolling out to clinics and patients nationwide.Medscape Medical News
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - October 31, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS News Source Type: news
Reaching 90–90–90 in rural communities in East Africa: lessons from the Sustainable East Africa Research in Community Health Trial
Purpose of review
There is an urgent need to understand new population-level approaches that achieve high levels of treatment and viral suppression for persons living with HIV.
Recent findings
The SEARCH Universal test and treat (UTT) trial conducted in Kenya and Uganda aimed to reduce HIV incidence and improve community health. SEARCH offered HIV and multidisease testing at health fairs followed by home testing for nonparticipants in 32 communities, each with approximately 10 000 persons. In the 16 intervention communities, UNAIDS 90–90–90 targets were achieved within 3 years, reaching ‘92–95–90’ and 79...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - October 7, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: ENDING HIV: PROGRESS TO 90–90–90: Edited by Carlos del Rio Source Type: research
